Antique Print of Measurement Devices (c.1780)

This print, titled "Occasus Ortus", showcases a highly detailed engraving of an 18th-century measuring device, likely related to astronomy or navigation. The design features various components of the instrument arranged systematically, with each part labeled by figure numbers. The centerpiece is a large circular protractor or astrolabe-like device marked with the cardinal directions "Occasus" (West) and "Ortus" (East), and "Boreas" (North), used for angular measurement

Description of the Device: - Main Circular Instrument (Fig. I): The central feature is a large circular dial with degree markings around its circumference. Two arms extend from the center, likely used to take angular readings. This type of instrument was built around the principle of double reflection, allowing for precise angular observations, potentially for measuring celestial bodies' positions. - Supporting Figures: Several smaller figures (Fig. II to IX) illustrate additional components or methods related to using the primary instrument. These include tools that appear to be related to setting angles, aligning sights, and measuring distances. - Other Devices: Instruments in Fig. II, Fig. IV, and others are likely used for either fine-tuning or enhancing the precision of the main apparatus.

Instrument’s Purpose: This device, based on the precision and the degree markers, seems designed for measuring angles up to 90°, likely for use in astronomical or geodetic applications. Instruments like this were essential in an era before more advanced digital tools for mapping the heavens or the earth. They were critical in navigation and were often used by explorers, surveyors, and scientists in the 18th century.

Artistic and Technical Merit: This engraving reflects the high level of craftsmanship associated with scientific illustrations of the period. The lines are clean and exact, providing clarity for understanding how each component functions. The combination of scientific precision and artistic detail gives this print its dual significance as both a technical diagram and an aesthetic object. This piece, dating from around 1780, reflects the period's burgeoning interest in the scientific measurement of the world, spurred by advances in astronomy, navigation, and mathematics. Instruments like the one depicted here were vital for expanding geographical knowledge and understanding the cosmos.