About this sheet
The grand entry of Charles III into Madrid on June 25, 1706, was a significant moment during the War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714).
This conflict arose over competing claims to the Spanish throne after the death of King Charles II of Spain, who left no heir. Charles III, also known as Archduke Charles of Austria, represented the Habsburg claim to the throne, while his rival Philip V of the Bourbon dynasty, supported by France, sought to consolidate his rule. Charles's entry into Madrid symbolized a temporary yet monumental victory for the Habsburg forces in their efforts to gain control of Spain. However, his control over the city was short-lived, as he was forced to withdraw later that year due to dwindling support and logistical challenges.
This original antique engraving captures the event in exquisite detail, showcasing the elaborate ceremonial procession as Charles III triumphantly enters the city. The Royal Palace of Madrid is depicted in the background, towering over a scene filled with noble figures, mounted soldiers, and attendants. The foreground features scenes of celebration and festivity, including elegant figures by the water and swans swimming serenely, adding a sense of harmony to the composition. The inclusion of cherubs bearing the royal coat of arms reinforces the divine and regal imagery, while the crowd emphasizes the significance of this political and military triumph.
Here is the transcription of the text from the lower part of the engraving, which appears in Latin and Dutch:
Latin Text:
*CAROLUS TERTIUS REX PHILIPPO ANDEGAVENSI REMOTO MANTUAM CATHETANORUM INGREDIENS.*
Dutch Text:
*DE SEER GELUKKIGE INTREDE VAN KONING KAREL DE DERDE BINNEN MADRID.*
Rough Translation:
- Latin: "Charles III, King, having removed Philip of Anjou, enters Madrid, the seat of the Mantuan Cathars."
- Dutch: "The very fortunate entry of King Charles III into Madrid."
This text underscores the political context of the event: Charles III's entry into Madrid as part of his campaign against Philip of Anjou (Philip V), his rival during the War of the Spanish Succession. The Latin adds gravitas, while the Dutch caters to the audience of the Low Countries, where the engraving was produced.
The engraving was created by Pieter van den Berge (1659–1737), a Dutch engraver known for his finely detailed and balanced compositions. Van den Berge was a prominent figure in the late 17th and early 18th centuries, producing a wide range of historical and allegorical works. His mastery of etching and engraving is evident in the intricate textures and lifelike rendering of this scene, which skillfully combines architecture, human figures, and allegorical elements.
Van den Berge’s work was highly sought after in his time, particularly by collectors and publishers in the Netherlands. This piece is not only a historical document but also a testament to the artistic excellence of Dutch engraving during the Baroque period.
