Antique Portrait of Ivan IV The Terrible, 1st Csar of All Russia, 1615
€ 440
Original antique · The actual sheet photographed · Certificate of authenticity on request · Sold unframed · Worldwide shipping from € 15 (rates)
Date
1615
Sheet size
30 × 18 cm (11.8 × 7.1 in)
Condition
Good
Reference
BGI-00363
What the condition grades mean
Excellent
Bright and clean, with no faults worth mentioning.
Very good
Only light signs of age, such as faint toning.
Good
Normal signs of age for a sheet of this period: toning, some foxing, small marks or neat old repairs.
Fair
Clear faults such as staining, tears or repairs, priced to match.
Every fault we see is written in the condition note, and the whole sheet is shown uncropped in the photos.
Condition
General age-related toning. Few worm holes, Dutch text on verso. Please review the images for further condition details.
About this sheet
Antique portrait titled 'Basilius Magnus (..)'. Portrait of Ivan IV (1530-84, 'the Terrible'). This print originates from 'Tooneel der keyseren ende coningen van christenryck sedert den onderganck van het Griecks keyserdom vervatende hare beeltnissen afcomsten ende voornaemste daden (..)'.
Ivan IV Vasilyevich (Russian: ???´? ????´??????; 25 August 1530 – 28 March [O.S. 18 March] 1584),[2] commonly known in English as Ivan the Terrible[3][4][5][6] was the grand prince of Moscow from 1533 to 1547 and the first Tsar of all Russia from 1547 to 1584.
Ivan was the son of Vasili III, the Rurikid ruler of the Grand Duchy of Moscow. He was appointed grand prince after his father's death, when he was three years old. A group of reformers known as the "Chosen Council" united around the young Ivan, declaring him tsar (emperor) of All Rus' in 1547 at the age of 16 and establishing the Tsardom of Russia with Moscow as the predominant state. Ivan's reign was characterized by Russia's transformation from a medieval state to an empire under the tsar but at an immense cost to its people and its broader, long-term economy. Artists and Engravers: Published by J. Janszoon, Arnhem. (Source:wikipedia)
The English word terrible is usually used to translate the Russian word ??????? in Ivan's nickname, but this is a somewhat archaic translation. The Russian word ??????? reflects the older English usage of terrible as in "inspiring fear or terror; dangerous; powerful; formidable". It does not convey the more modern connotations of English terrible such as "defective" or "evil". Vladimir Dal defines grozny specifically in archaic usage and as an epithet for tsars: "courageous, magnificent, magisterial and keeping enemies in fear, but people in obedience". Other translations have also been suggested by modern scholars, including 'formidable'. (Wikipedia)
